۳۰ قطعه کد مفید پایتون که باید با آنها آشنا باشید — راهنمای کاربردی

1def all_unique(lst):
2    return len(lst) == len(set(lst))
3
4
5x = [1,1,2,2,3,2,3,4,5,6]
6y = [1,2,3,4,5]
7all_unique(x) # False
8all_unique(y) # True

1from collections import Counter
2
3def anagram(first, second):
4    return Counter(first) == Counter(second)
5
6
7anagram("abcd3", "3acdb") # True

1import sys 
2
3variable = 30 
4print(sys.getsizeof(variable)) # 24

1def byte_size(string):
2    return(len(string.encode('utf-8')))
3    
4    
5byte_size('?') # 4
6byte_size('Hello World') # 11

1n = 2; 
2s ="Programming"; 
3
4print(s * n); # ProgrammingProgramming

1s = "programming is awesome"
2
3print(s.title()) # Programming Is Awesome

1def chunk(list, size):
2    return [list[i:i+size] for i in range(0,len(list), size)]

1def compact(lst):
2    return list(filter(bool, lst))
3  
4  
5compact([0, 1, False, 2, '', 3, 'a', 's', 34]) # [ 1, 2, 3, 'a', 's', 34 ]

1array = [['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd'], ['e', 'f']]
2transposed = zip(*array)
3print(transposed) # [('a', 'c', 'e'), ('b', 'd', 'f')]

1a = 3
2print( 2 < a < 8) # True
3print(1 == a < 2) # False

1hobbies = ["basketball", "football", "swimming"]
2
3print("My hobbies are:") # My hobbies are:
4print(", ".join(hobbies)) # basketball, football, swimming

1def get_vowels(string):
2    return [each for each in string if each in 'aeiou'] 
3
4
5get_vowels('foobar') # ['o', 'o', 'a']
6get_vowels('gym') # []

1def decapitalize(str):
2    return str[:1].lower() + str[1:]
3  
4  
5decapitalize('FooBar') # 'fooBar'
6decapitalize('FooBar') # 'fooBar'

1def spread(arg):
2    ret = []
3    for i in arg:
4        if isinstance(i, list):
5            ret.extend(i)
6        else:
7            ret.append(i)
8    return ret
9
10def deep_flatten(xs):
11    flat_list = []
12    [flat_list.extend(deep_flatten(x)) for x in xs] if isinstance(xs, list) else flat_list.append(xs)
13    return flat_list
14
15
16deep_flatten([1, [2], [[3], 4], 5]) # [1,2,3,4,5]

1def difference(a, b):
2    set_a = set(a)
3    set_b = set(b)
4    comparison = set_a.difference(set_b)
5    return list(comparison)
6
7
8difference([1,2,3], [1,2,4]) # [3]

1def difference_by(a, b, fn):
2    b = set(map(fn, b))
3    return [item for item in a if fn(item) not in b]
4
5
6from math import floor
7difference_by([2.1, 1.2], [2.3, 3.4], floor) # [1.2]
8difference_by([{ 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], [{ 'x': 1 }], lambda v : v['x']) # [ { x: 2 } ]

1def add(a, b):
2    return a + b
3
4def subtract(a, b):
5    return a - b
6
7a, b = 4, 5
8print((subtract if a > b else add)(a, b)) # 9

1def has_duplicates(lst):
2    return len(lst) != len(set(lst))
3    
4    
5x = [1,2,3,4,5,5]
6y = [1,2,3,4,5]
7has_duplicates(x) # True
8has_duplicates(y) # False

1def merge_two_dicts(a, b):
2    c = a.copy()   # make a copy of a 
3    c.update(b)    # modify keys and values of a with the ones from b
4    return c
5
6
7a = { 'x': 1, 'y': 2}
8b = { 'y': 3, 'z': 4}
9print(merge_two_dicts(a, b)) # {'y': 3, 'x': 1, 'z': 4}

1def merge_dictionaries(a, b)
2   return {**a, **b}
3
4
5a = { 'x': 1, 'y': 2}
6b = { 'y': 3, 'z': 4}
7print(merge_dictionaries(a, b)) # {'y': 3, 'x': 1, 'z': 4}

1def to_dictionary(keys, values):
2    return dict(zip(keys, values))
3    
4
5keys = ["a", "b", "c"]    
6values = [2, 3, 4]
7print(to_dictionary(keys, values)) # {'a': 2, 'c': 4, 'b': 3}

1list = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
2for index, element in enumerate(list): 
3    print("Value", element, "Index ", index, )
4# ('Value', 'a', 'Index ', 0)
5# ('Value', 'b', 'Index ', 1)
6#('Value', 'c', 'Index ', 2)
7# ('Value', 'd', 'Index ', 3)

1import time
2
3start_time = time.time()
4
5a = 1
6b = 2
7c = a + b
8print(c) #3
9
10end_time = time.time()
11total_time = end_time - start_time
12print("Time: ", total_time)
13
14# ('Time: ', 1.1205673217773438e-05)

1try:
2    2*3
3except TypeError:
4    print("An exception was raised")
5else:
6    print("Thank God, no exceptions were raised.")
7
8#Thank God, no exceptions were raised.

1def most_frequent(list):
2    return max(set(list), key = list.count)
3  
4
5numbers = [1,2,1,2,3,2,1,4,2]
6most_frequent(numbers)

1def palindrome(a):
2    return a == a[::-1]
3
4
5palindrome('mom') # True

1import operator
2action = {
3    "+": operator.add,
4    "-": operator.sub,
5    "/": operator.truediv,
6    "*": operator.mul,
7    "**": pow
8}
9print(action['-'](50, 25)) # 25

1from random import shuffle
2
3foo = [1, 2, 3, 4]
4shuffle(foo) 
5print(foo) # [1, 4, 3, 2] , foo = [1, 2, 3, 4]

1def spread(arg):
2    ret = []
3    for i in arg:
4        if isinstance(i, list):
5            ret.extend(i)
6        else:
7            ret.append(i)
8    return ret
9
10
11spread([1,2,3,[4,5,6],[7],8,9]) # [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

1a, b = -1, 14
2a, b = b, a
3
4print(a) # 14
5print(b) # -1

1d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
2
3print(d.get('c', 3)) # 3