توسعه سرویس اندرویدی که هرگز متوقف نمی‌شود – راهنمای کاربردی

1dependencies {
2    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
3    implementation"org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
4    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
5    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
6    implementation 'com.jaredrummler:android-device-names:1.1.8'
7
8    implementation 'com.github.kittinunf.fuel:fuel:2.1.0'
9    implementation 'com.github.kittinunf.fuel:fuel-android:2.1.0'
10    implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.0-M1'
11
12    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
13    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
14    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
15}

1class EndlessService : Service() {
2
3    private var wakeLock: PowerManager.WakeLock? = null
4    private var isServiceStarted = false
5
6    override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder? {
7        log("Some component want to bind with the service")
8        // We don't provide binding, so return null
9        return null
10    }
11
12    override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
13        log("onStartCommand executed with startId: $startId")
14        if (intent != null) {
15            val action = intent.action
16            log("using an intent with action $action")
17            when (action) {
18                Actions.START.name -> startService()
19                Actions.STOP.name -> stopService()
20                else -> log("This should never happen. No action in the received intent")
21            }
22        } else {
23            log(
24                "with a null intent. It has been probably restarted by the system."
25            )
26        }
27        // by returning this we make sure the service is restarted if the system kills the service
28        return START_STICKY
29    }
30
31    override fun onCreate() {
32        super.onCreate()
33        log("The service has been created".toUpperCase())
34        var notification = createNotification()
35        startForeground(1, notification)
36    }
37
38    override fun onDestroy() {
39        super.onDestroy()
40        log("The service has been destroyed".toUpperCase())
41        Toast.makeText(this, "Service destroyed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
42    }
43
44    private fun startService() {
45        if (isServiceStarted) return
46        log("Starting the foreground service task")
47        Toast.makeText(this, "Service starting its task", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
48        isServiceStarted = true
49        setServiceState(this, ServiceState.STARTED)
50
51        // we need this lock so our service gets not affected by Doze Mode
52        wakeLock =
53            (getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE) as PowerManager).run {
54                newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "EndlessService::lock").apply {
55                    acquire()
56                }
57            }
58
59        // we're starting a loop in a coroutine
60        GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
61            while (isServiceStarted) {
62                launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
63                    pingFakeServer()
64                }
65                delay(1 * 60 * 1000)
66            }
67            log("End of the loop for the service")
68        }
69    }
70
71    private fun stopService() {
72        log("Stopping the foreground service")
73        Toast.makeText(this, "Service stopping", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
74        try {
75            wakeLock?.let {
76                if (it.isHeld) {
77                    it.release()
78                }
79            }
80            stopForeground(true)
81            stopSelf()
82        } catch (e: Exception) {
83            log("Service stopped without being started: ${e.message}")
84        }
85        isServiceStarted = false
86        setServiceState(this, ServiceState.STOPPED)
87    }
88
89    private fun pingFakeServer() {
90        val df = SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.mmmZ")
91        val gmtTime = df.format(Date())
92
93        val deviceId = Settings.Secure.getString(applicationContext.contentResolver, Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID)
94
95        val json =
96            """
97                {
98                    "deviceId": "$deviceId",
99                    "createdAt": "$gmtTime"
100                }
101            """
102        try {
103            Fuel.post("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts")
104                .jsonBody(json)
105                .response { _, _, result ->
106                    val (bytes, error) = result
107                    if (bytes != null) {
108                        log("[response bytes] ${String(bytes)}")
109                    } else {
110                        log("[response error] ${error?.message}")
111                    }
112                }
113        } catch (e: Exception) {
114            log("Error making the request: ${e.message}")
115        }
116    }
117
118    private fun createNotification(): Notification {
119        val notificationChannelId = "ENDLESS SERVICE CHANNEL"
120
121        // depending on the Android API that we're dealing with we will have
122        // to use a specific method to create the notification
123        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
124            val notificationManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager;
125            val channel = NotificationChannel(
126                notificationChannelId,
127                "Endless Service notifications channel",
128                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH
129            ).let {
130                it.description = "Endless Service channel"
131                it.enableLights(true)
132                it.lightColor = Color.RED
133                it.enableVibration(true)
134                it.vibrationPattern = longArrayOf(100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 400, 300, 200, 400)
135                it
136            }
137            notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
138        }
139
140        val pendingIntent: PendingIntent = Intent(this, MainActivity::class.java).let { notificationIntent ->
141            PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0)
142        }
143
144        val builder: Notification.Builder = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) Notification.Builder(
145            this,
146            notificationChannelId
147        ) else Notification.Builder(this)
148
149        return builder
150            .setContentTitle("Endless Service")
151            .setContentText("This is your favorite endless service working")
152            .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
153            .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
154            .setTicker("Ticker text")
155            .setPriority(Notification.PRIORITY_HIGH) // for under android 26 compatibility
156            .build()
157    }
158}

1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
3          package="com.robertohuertas.endless">
4
5    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"></uses-permission>
6    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
7    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
8
9    <application
10            android:allowBackup="true"
11            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
12            android:label="@string/app_name"
13            android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
14            android:supportsRtl="true"
15            android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
16
17        <service
18                android:name=".EndlessService"
19                android:enabled="true"
20                android:exported="false">
21        </service>
22
23        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
24            <intent-filter>
25                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
26                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
27            </intent-filter>
28        </activity>
29    </application>
30</manifest>

1class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
2
3    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
4        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
5        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
6
7        title = "Endless Service"
8
9        findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnStartService).let {
10            it.setOnClickListener {
11                log("START THE FOREGROUND SERVICE ON DEMAND")
12                actionOnService(Actions.START)
13            }
14        }
15
16        findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnStopService).let {
17            it.setOnClickListener {
18                log("STOP THE FOREGROUND SERVICE ON DEMAND")
19                actionOnService(Actions.STOP)
20            }
21        }
22    }
23
24    private fun actionOnService(action: Actions) {
25        if (getServiceState(this) == ServiceState.STOPPED && action == Actions.STOP) return
26        Intent(this, EndlessService::class.java).also {
27            it.action = action.name
28            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
29                log("Starting the service in >=26 Mode")
30                startForegroundService(it)
31                return
32            }
33            log("Starting the service in < 26 Mode")
34            startService(it)
35        }
36    }
37}

1class StartReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
2
3    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
4        if (intent.action == Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED && getServiceState(context) == ServiceState.STARTED) {
5            Intent(context, EndlessService::class.java).also {
6                it.action = Actions.START.name
7                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
8                    log("Starting the service in >=26 Mode from a BroadcastReceiver")
9                    context.startForegroundService(it)
10                    return
11                }
12                log("Starting the service in < 26 Mode from a BroadcastReceiver")
13                context.startService(it)
14            }
15        }
16    }
17}

1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
3          package="com.robertohuertas.endless">
4    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"></uses-permission>
5    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
6    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
7    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
8
9    <application
10            android:allowBackup="true"
11            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
12            android:label="@string/app_name"
13            android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
14            android:supportsRtl="true"
15            android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
16
17        <service
18                android:name=".EndlessService"
19                android:enabled="true"
20                android:exported="false">
21        </service>
22
23        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
24            <intent-filter>
25                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
26                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
27            </intent-filter>
28        </activity>
29
30        <receiver android:enabled="true" android:name=".StartReceiver">
31            <intent-filter>
32                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
33            </intent-filter>
34        </receiver>
35
36    </application>
37</manifest>